Causes of Ankle Tendonitis
Ankle tendonitis is often caused by repetitive stress or sudden injuries to the ankle tendons. Common causes include:
- Overuse from activities such as running, jumping, or walking long distances
- Sudden increase in physical activity
- Wearing improper footwear
- Poor running mechanics or technique
- Previous ankle injuries
Certain factors can increase the risk of developing ankle tendonitis:
- Flat feet or high arches
- Tight calf muscles
- Obesity
- Diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis
Symptoms of Ankle Tendonitis
Symptoms of ankle tendonitis usually develop gradually and can include:
- Pain around the ankle, especially when moving or applying pressure
- Swelling and inflammation in the affected area
- Stiffness in the ankle joint
- Warmth or redness over the tendon
- Difficulty walking or bearing weight on the affected foot
Diagnosis of Ankle Tendonitis
A healthcare provider can often diagnose ankle tendonitis based on a physical exam and medical history. Additional tests may include:
- X-ray: To rule out fractures or other bone-related issues
- MRI: To provide detailed images of the tendons and surrounding tissues, showing the extent of tendon damage
- Ultrasound: To visualize the tendons in real-time and assess inflammation or tears
Treatment of Ankle Tendonitis
Treatment for ankle tendonitis focuses on reducing pain and inflammation, promoting healing, and preventing further injury. Common treatment options include:
Non-surgical Treatments:
- RICE Method:
- Rest: Avoid activities that stress the ankle
- Ice: Apply a cold compress or ice pack for 15-20 minutes several times a day
- Compression: Use an elastic bandage to reduce swelling
- Elevation: Keep the ankle elevated above heart level
- Medications: Over-the-counter NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen) to reduce pain and inflammation
- Physical Therapy: Exercises to strengthen and stretch the muscles around the ankle
- Orthotics: Custom insoles or braces to support the foot and reduce strain on the tendons
- Corticosteroid Injections: Anti-inflammatory injections in severe cases
Surgical Treatments:
- Surgery is considered if non-surgical treatments fail to relieve symptoms. Procedures may involve:
- Repairing or removing damaged tendon tissue
- Correcting underlying structural issues, such as bone spurs or flat feet
- Post-surgery rehabilitation includes physical therapy to restore strength and flexibility
Procedure videos
Steroid injection
Prognosis
With proper management, most people recover fully and can return to their usual activities. However, addressing any underlying factors, such as improper footwear or biomechanical issues, is important to prevent recurrence. Regular stretching and strengthening exercises can also help maintain tendon health and prevent future episodes.
Resources
“Foot and Ankle Tendonitis.” Mercy Health, www.mercy.com/health-care-services/orthopedics-sports-medicine-spine/specialties/foot-ankle/conditions/foot-ankle-tendonitis. Accessed 5 July 2024.
“Tendonitis of the Foot and Ankle.” Verywell Health, www.verywellhealth.com/tendonitis-of-the-foot-and-ankle-1337639. Accessed 5 July 2024.
